Analog-to-Digital

Analog to Digital (A/D) modules translate analog electrical signals for data processing purposes. NAI offers nine A/D smart function modules. The ADx smart function modules provide fast, accurate and reliable conversion performance ideally suited for military, industrial, and commercial applications. A variety of A/D converters with available channels, architecture type and sampling rates are available to meet your circuit design needs.

Chip Detector and Fuzz Burn

NAI's chip detector smart function modules are a magnetic-electrical device that provides a reliable method of detecting impending failure of bearings and gears and intended to be used as a maintenance time gauge or flag risk of imminent mechanical subsystem failure. As ferrous metallic particles are attracted to the sensor and begin to bridge the gap between the two contacts, the chip sensor circuit detect resistance drops. NAI's chip detection smart function modules continuously measures the sensor gap resistance and when the sensor gap resistance falls below the programmable FAULT resistance threshold, the Fuzz Burn charge circuit is triggered (programmable, up to 10x attempts) to ‘burn-off’ normal and typical amounts of metallic sludge (fuzz).

Digital-to-Analog

Digital to Analog (D/A) modules convert digital electrical signals to an analog signal. NAI offers for D/A smart function modules offering from four (high voltage) to sixteen output channels. The DAx smart function modules also include D/A FIFO buffering for greater control of the output voltage and signal data. Once enabled and triggered, the D/A FIFO buffer accepts, stores, and outputs the voltage (and/or current) commands for applications requiring simulation of waveform generation (single or periodic).

Digital IO - Differential Transceiver

Differential transceivers increase resistance to noise by creating two complementary signals. These complementary signals produced on balanced lines double noise immunity by creating lower power requirements due to lower supply voltages. NAI's modules are offered in two versions: the Standard Functionality (SF) module and the Enhanced Functionality (EF) module. Both modules feature 16 individual RS422/RS485 I/O channels that are programmable for either input or output, and include extensive diagnostics.

Digital IO - TTL/CMOS

TTL offers high switching speed and relative immunity to noisy systems. CMOS sensors provide image sensing technology by converting light waves into signals that are small bursts of current. These waves can be light or other electromagnetic radiation. NAI's TTL/CMOS Modules are offered in two versions: our Standard Functionality (SF) an Enhanced Functionality (EF) module. The transistor-transistor logic (TTL) employs transmitters with multiple emitters in gates having more than one input.

Discrete IO - Multichannel, Programmable

Discrete I/O multichannel programmable modules provide interfacing solutions for almost any embedded or test application. NAI's discrete I/O modules are offered in two versions: Standard Functionality (SF) modules and Enhanced Functionality (EF) modules. All the modules feature unparalleled programming flexibility, a wide range of operating characteristics, and a unique design that eliminates the need for pull-up resistors or mechanical jumpers. The EF Modules add built-in operational functionality to provide Pulse/Frequency Period Measurements of the incoming signal (Input) and/or Pulse/Frequency arbitrary signal generation (Output).

Relay

NAI’s Relay Modules provide multichannel, signal switching capabilities up to 220 VDC / 250 VAC at 2 A maximum (cumulative maximum switching power 60 W / 62.5 VA per channel). These two mechanical relay-interface modules feature four individual single-pole, user SPDT Form C (changeover/break-before-make type) relays (channels). Each channel has a common input terminal (C), a normally closed output terminal (N/C), and a normally open (N/O) output terminal. The channel either energizes or de-energizes the relays (close or open) so that the signal provided on (C) may be switched/directed to either the (N/C) or (N/O) terminals.

Variable Reluctance

NAI's variable reluctance (VR) and general-purpose pulse counters measure from a wide voltage input range variable reluctance (VR) signal or general-purpose pulse counter measurement. Channels can be programmed to operate individually or combined in pairs. NAI's VR smart function modules are ideal for speed sensing for aircraft, marine or automotive crankshafts, camshafts, brake or gear rotors, transmission shafts, etc. and is uniquely designed to process signals as a general-purpose counter, that can operate and process a wide variety of AC and DC input signals.

AC Reference

NAI’s AC Reference smart function modules are used to provide an AC signal source for synchro, resolver LVDT and RVDT devices. All synchro, resolver, LVDT, and RVDT measurement and simulation smart function modules use transformers whose main primary-to-secondary coupling is varied by physically changing (or, in simulation, commanding) the relative orientation of the two windings. For operation, the primary winding of these transformers is excited by an alternating current, and electromagnetic induction causes current to flow in the secondary winding. Windings are fixed at certain characteristic electrical angles to each other on the stator. NAI offers three smart function modules that provide an AC signal source when a secondary reference source other than the optional on-board reference module is required. The modules are programmable for full range voltage outputs from 2 to 115 VAC, and frequency from 47 Hz to 10 kHz.

IRIG Timecode Receiver and Generator

NAI's IRIG smart function module synchronizes to IRIG-A/B/G time codes and provide precise time in a memory register for NAI single board computers. The IRIG output of the module can be used to synchronize other IRIG time code readers. Additionally, the IRIG smart function module includes a real-time clock (RTC) that may be used as a reference for IRIG master applications, freeing the system processor from the task of updating the master timer. The output format of the module is independent from the incoming IRIG signal, providing a convenient solution for IRIG conversion applications. The most common format is IRIG-B, but the module can be designed to support IRIG-A and IRIG-G as well.

LVDT RVDT Measurement and Simulation

A linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) is a type of electrical transformer/transducer used for measuring linear displacement (position). A counterpart to this device used for measuring rotary displacement is called a rotary variable differential transformer (RVDT). The RVDT is like an LVDT in that it measures a positional displacement, however, the displacement, which is still a linear proportional function, is based on rotary instead of linear positional movement. Both deliver signals proportional to the linear displacement of the moveable core. NAI offers five smart function modules that convert these signals to a digital output corresponding to position in a variety of operating parameters. An LVDT/RVDT simulator is used to convert digital positional commands to corresponding AC signals.

Pulse Timer Receiver and Generator

NAI's Pulse Timer Receiver and Generator function module is designed to meet the diverse needs of modern processing and I/O systems in pulse timing applications. It offers dual input channels for a wide signal range of 1-PPS to 10 MHz, providing flexibility for signal selection and automatic switching between the 'a' and 'b' channels in case of signal loss. The modules also include programmable features like threshold reference voltage and impedance matching to seamlessly integrate with both single-ended and differential signals. Additionally, it comes with multiple output channels supporting various signal ranges for enhanced adaptability.

Strain Gauge Measurement

While there are several methods of measuring mechanical strain, the most common is with a strain gauge. The gauge provides electrical resistance that varies in proportion to the amount of strain in the device. The most widely used gauge is the bonded metallic strain gauge. To measure such small changes in resistance, strain gauges are almost always used in a bridge configuration with a voltage excitation source. The general Wheatstone bridge (conventional, 4-arm bridge) consists of four resistive arms with an excitation voltage, Vexc, that is applied across the bridge. NAI's strain gauge smart function module uses four independent, isolated input A/Ds. This module is designed to read output signals from a completed Wheatstone bridge (i.e., it can be used with one or more strain gauge elements as a completed 4-arm Wheatstone bridge) and is commonly used in applications requiring pressure, weight, and stress transducers interface/measurement.

Synchro Resolver Measurement and Simulation

Synchros and Resolvers are transformer-type voltage/current transducers that convert a shaft or other rotating device's angular position and/or velocity to a multi-wire AC electrical signal. Both deliver signals proportional to the Sine and/or Cosine of the shaft angle. A Resolver-to-Digital or a Synchro-to-Digital simulator is used to convert digital angle/velocity commands to corresponding Synchro/Resolver AC signals. NAI offers five smart function modules that cover the range of excitation voltages/frequency, include extensive field-parameter programmability, and provide a full operating envelope choice for interfacing to virtually any type Synchro or Resolver. A Resolver-to-Digital or a Synchro-to-Digital converter is used to convert these signals to a digital output corresponding to the shaft angle and/or velocity.

Thermocouple and RTD Measurement

NAI's thermal measurement smart function modules provide a thermocouple (TC) and/or resistance temperature detector (RTD)The TR1 provides eight channels which can be individually programmed as a Thermocouple (TC) or a Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) measurement interface. NAI offers 3 thermal measurement smart function modules. Each are individually configurable for up to 8 isolated measurement channels. TC smart function modules can interface with virtually all thermocouple-type NIST temperature ranges. RTD smart function modules can interface to two, three and four-wire platinum RTD sensor configurations.

ARINC Communications

NAI’s ARINC 429/575 smart function modules provide up to twelve programmable channels. ARINC 429 is a data transfer standard for aircraft avionics. ARINC 575 is an equipment characteristic for a Digital Air Data System (DADS) that provides essential air-data information for displays, autopilots, and other flight controls and instrumentation on commercial and transport-type aircraft. ARINC 568/579 smart function modules provides a communications interface with 2 channels. ARINC 568 is an equipment characteristic for Distance Measurement Equipment (DME). ARINC 579 is an equipment characteristic for a VHF Omnidirectional Radio range (VOR) short range navigation system.

CANBus Communications

NAI’s CANBus smart function modules provide independent, isolated channels of CAN serial data bus links, conforming to the ISO 11898 International Standard. All CAN nodes can transmit data and several CAN nodes can request the bus simultaneously. NAI offers three CANBus smart function module models with different levels of support for CANBus 2.0 A and B protocols and CANBus SAE J1939 protocols – offering features including: Fully compliant ANSI C network: Transport and DataLink layers, Adjustable baud rate with speeds up to 1 Mbit/sec and MilCAN compliance.

Ethernet NIC Interface

The EM1 function module integrates the Intel 82580 GbE Controller to provide dual-port gigabit Ethernet network controller functions (10/100/1000Base-T). It is designed to seamlessly connect with Single Board Computer (SBC) boards via a direct PCIe interface (either directly on NAI SBCs or with multifunction I/O boards routed with PCIe interface from the backplane). The EM1 offers an easy way to expand the Ethernet communication capabilities of SBCs with two additional Gigabit Ethernet NIC ports. Full NIC port(s) access and data control is via the native OS/driver.

Ethernet Switch

NAI’s ethernet switch smart function modules provide 10/100/1000Base-T Ethernet ports. These modules feature one 10/100/1000 BaseT Ethernet maintenance port interface, one RS-232 maintenance/console port interface, and one Fiber-Optic interface with four 10 Gb ports. It also provides numerous L2 and L3 networking, quality of service (QoS) and security features.

IEEE 1394 (FireWire)

NAI’s FireWire smart function modules provide IEEE 1394 (Firewire) high-speed serial communications. Two models are available from NAI and provide a direct PCIe interface to the local (on-board) processor, or, an external host processor for board platforms that support external PCIe connectivity. These module(s) are not supported with the classic memory register-based NAIBrd Software Support Kit (SSK) API libraries and support device control and management via standard native OS (Linux) FireWire device driver.

MIL-STD-1553B

MIL-STD-1553 is a military standard published by the United States Department of Defense that defines the mechanical, electrical, and functional characteristics of a serial data bus. It features a dual, redundant, balanced-line, physical layer; a (differential) network interface; time division multiplexing; half-duplex command/response protocol; and up to 31 remote terminals (devices). NAI’s MIL-STD-1553 communication smart function modules provide programmable 1, 2 or 4-channel and dual-redundant in transformer-coupled or direct-coupled interfaces and possess an improved assisted mode.

MIL-STD-1760

Based on the MIL-STD-1553 signal and interface backbone, MIL-STD-1760 defines a standardized electrical interface to address additional aircraft weapons stores management and as such, includes some special requirements. NAI’s MIL-STD-1760 communication smart function modules meet the operational requirements within the general specifications of MIL-STD-1760 as applied to an integrated I/O function module and include special designed holt transceivers to ensure signal parameter operation and integrity. Two smart function module models are available providing programmable channels, dual-redundant and transformer-coupled interfaces.

Serial Communications

NAI’s serial communication smart function modules provide up to 8 high-speed, programmable RS-232, RS-422, RS-485, non-isolated communication channels. Each channel is programmable for either Serial Communications (SC) protocol or General Purpose I/O (GPIO) modes as either RS-422/485 (differential) or RS-232 (single ended) hardware level interfaces. Each channel has one Transmit and one Receive signal pair (±) available as applicable. Synchronous (SYNC) communications mode (added feature) automatically configures the clock (clk) signal(s) on the companion pair channel: CH1-CH4 clk companion channels are CH5-CH8, respectively.

Time-Triggered Ethernet

NAI's Time Triggered Ethernet (TTE) smart function modules are certifiable, single-port, tri-redundant, deterministic Ethernet communications interface module that supports TTTech’s certifiable TTEthernet® End System product consisting of three traffic classes: SAE AS6802 (Time-Triggered Ethernet), ARINC 664 Part 7 (Avionics Full-Duplex Switched Ethernet (AFDX®), and/or IEEE 802.3 best-effort protocol. By supporting all three traffic classes, NAI's smart function modules are the ideal solution for current users of IEEE 802.3 Ethernet, who plan to upgrade to Deterministic Ethernet (ARINC 664 Part 7 (AFDX®) or Time-Triggered Ethernet SAE AS6802) protocols in the future at any time without changing hardware.

Time Sensitive Networking

A-to-D & D-to-A

NAI’s combination (Combo) modules support functions from two or more modules. The CME supports a combination of ADE and DA2. 8-Ch. A/D (±10 V) and 8-Ch. D/A (±10.0 V @ 10 mA). The CMF supports a combination of ADF and DA2. 8-Ch. A/D (±100 V) and 8-Ch. D/A (±10.0 V @ 10 mA).

MIL-STD-1553B & ARINC-429/575

NAI’s combination (Combo) modules support functions from two or more modules. The CM5 supports a combination of FTB and AR1. 2-Ch. MIL-STD-1553 and 8-Ch. ARINC-429/575.

MIL-STD-1553B & Prog. Discrete IO

NAI’s combination (Combo) modules support functions from two or more modules. The CM8 supports a combination of FTB and DT1/DT4. 2-Ch. MIL-STD-1553 and 12-Ch. Programmable Discrete IO (DT1) or Enhanced Discrete I/O (DT4).

SATA Solid State Drive (SSD)

SATA Solid State Drive (SSD) Modules (FMx) are plug-in SATA drives compatible for use with NAI single board computers and multifunction I/O boards where a direct SATA interface to a processor is supported. FMx modules have various storage capacities available up to 2TB in a single-level cell (SLC), multi-level cell (SLC) and triple-level cell (TLC) constructs.

Chassis Management

NAI's VITA 46.11 Chassis Management (ChM) function provides a Chassis Manager solution for the NAI modular Configurable Open Systems Architecture (COSA) product families as well as supports customer generic chassis and system management solutions. ChM offers comprehensive system oversight and administrative functions for COSA products. The Chassis Manager handles logistics, health monitoring, and management of various Field Replaceable Units (FRUs) such as I/O boards, single board computers, and power supplies within a customer’s or NAI’s system chassis. By accessing board-level Intelligent Platform Management Controllers (IPMCs), the ChM retrieves essential information on FRU health, voltage, and temperature, and controls fans, LEDs, and other chassis functions through discrete signals. NAI's ChM module enhances system reliability, simplifies maintenance, and optimizes performance, making it ideal for industries where robustness and efficiency are crucial.