
TN1
TSN Ethernet Switch End Point (TSN-SE)
Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) is a suite of IEEE 802.1 standards designed to enable deterministic, real-time Ethernet communications across industries ranging from Automotive, Aerospace, and Industrial to Medical and Governmental. These standards generally fall into three categories:
Time Synchronization: (IEEE 802.1AS)
Scheduling and Traffic Shaping: (IEEE 802.1Qav, IEEE 802.1Qbv)
Selection of Communications Paths and Fault Tolerance: (IEEE 802.1CB FRER)
Recognizing that each industry defines its own TSN “profile” (e.g., IEEE 802.1DP for Aerospace or IEEE 802.1DG for Automotive), NAI’s TN1 Ethernet Switched End Point (EP) module seamlessly incorporates these capabilities into the NAI Configurable Open Systems Architecture™ (COSA®). Built on the Xilinx XCU5CG-L1SFVC784I SoC, the TN1 module leverages DornerWorks-developed TSN IP to deliver reliable, high-precision Ethernet functionality. A dedicated TN1 software driver communicates over a PCIe x1 link to an SBC processor, providing a flexible foundation for synchronized, scheduled, and robust data transmission.
As TSN-based digital backbones continue to gain traction, the TN1 module enables straightforward system expansion and supports advanced applications—such as flight control, situational awareness, and data synchronization—while simplifying future scalability. For information regarding specific OS and RTOS compatibility, please contact the factory.
Features
- Path to DO-178/254 Safety Certification: Supports TSN and UDP protocols using an FPGA-based networked adapter; Deterministic mission/safety-critical data routing.
- MOSA-aligned Ethernet Endpoint: Supports hardware, software, and firmware portability; Compatible with RTOS and OS-independent implementations; Offers FPGA-based configurability for future network enhancements.
- Intelligent TSN Ethernet Endpoint Adapter: Provides advanced Ethernet stack management; Significantly reduces application processor overhead.
- For more details, refer to the 2024 IEEE Digital Avionics Systems Conference (US Army Aviation, DornerWorks & NAI) paper "Adoption of Evolving Network Standards to MOSA Using FPGA Certifiable Network Adaptors | IEEE Conference Publication | IEEE Xplore", or contact NAI for a copy.
TN1 TSN-EP Specifications*
PHYSICAL LAYER | Description | Noted/Status/Comments |
Ethernet | 10/100/1000BASE-T | Single Channel, dual-redundant; tri-redundant capable |
TSN GOVERNING SPECS | Description | Noted/Status/Comments |
IEEE 802.1AS-2020 | Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks - Timing and Synchronization for Time-Sensitive Applications (gPTP). | Spec released / supported. Primary TSN time synchronization mechanism for many emerging industry profiles (e.g., Aerospace via IEEE 802.1DP/SAE-AS6675, Automotive via IEEE 802.1DG) |
IEEE 802.1DP-xxxx | TSN Profile for Aerospace Applications | DRAFT: Not released - final publication date TBD. Developed in parallel with SAE-AS6675. Aims to define a TSN profile suited for avionics system use cases (e.g., AS6509 CAIN). |
SAE-AS6675 | TSN Profile for Aerospace Applications, jointly developed with IEEE 802.1DP. | DRAFT: Not released - final publication date TBD. Establishes Aerospace TSN requirements in coordination with IEEE 802.1DP. |
IEEE 802.1DG-2022 | TSN Profile for Automotive In-Vehicle Ethernet Communications. | Spec approved / published in 2023. Progressed beyond draft status; defines TSN configurations for automotive networks. |
IEEE-1722-2016 | Audio Video Transport Protocol (AVTP) for Time-Sensitive Applications. Defines the Layer 2 protocol used by IEEE. | Spec released. Contact factory for additional support details. |
IEEE-1588-2019 | Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control Systems (PTP). | Reference Only: Widely implemented since 2002. 802.1AS-2020 extends IEEE 1588 for TSN-specific enhancements. Interoperability with 802.1AS is not guaranteed without careful design. Many TSN-enabled devices support some form of IEEE 1588, though full 802.1AS-2020 compliance may require additional hardware/software considerations. |
STANDARDS SUPPORTED | Description | Noted/Status/Comments |
802.1Qav | Forwarding and Queuing Enhancements for Time-Sensitive Streams (aka Credit-based traffic shaper) | Spec released / supported. Implements traffic shaping via priority classes and a "leaky bucket" style credit-based algorithm. Reduces buffering in receiving bridges/endpoints. |
802.1Qbv | Traffic Scheduling: Time-Aware Shaper (TAS) | Spec released / supported. Implements a time-division multiple access (TDMA) scheme by segmenting network traffic into repeating time cycles. |
802.1CB | Frame Replication and Elimination for Reliability (FRER) | Spec released / supported. Offers seamless redundancy by sending duplicate frames over disjoint network paths, eliminating single points of failure. |
802.1AS-2020 | Governing Timing and Synchronization (gPTP). | Spec released / supported. |
Dual Grand Master | Redundancy scheme for timing master sources. | Spec released / supported. Allows multiple concurrent master clocks to enhance availability and fault tolerance in time synchronization. |
802.1AS-2020 Slave | gPTP slave/receiver implementation. | Spec released / supported. |
802.1AS-2020 Master | gPTP master/transmitter implementation. | Spec released / for REF ONLY / Support TBD. |
802.1Qcc | An amendment enhancing the Stream Reservation Protocol (SRP). | Improves scalability, configuration, and management of time-sensitive streams in networked systems. YANG data model supported. |
802.1Qcp | An amendment adding YANG models for managing bridge configurations, streamlining automation and control of VLANs and other bridging features. | YANG data mode supported. |
MODULE LEVEL | General Specifications | Noted/Status/Comments |
Power | 5 VDC / 1200 mA (est., max.) | |
Isolation | Signals are transformer isolated | |
Weight | 1.5 oz. (42 g) |
*(All) specifications are subject to change without notice. All product and company names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
NAI’s Configurable Open Systems Architecture™ (COSA®) offers a choice of over 100 smart I/O, communication, and Ethernet switch functions, providing the highest package density and greatest flexibility of any multifunction I/O board in the industry. Preexisting, fully-tested functions can be combined quickly and easily in an unlimited number of ways. Choose the ideal platform for your application below. Each I/O function has dedicated processing, unburdening the system Single Board Computer (SBC) from unnecessary data management overhead.
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